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Azmatype (L.C. Smith) Typewriter Serial Numbers

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Serial Number Table Last Edited: 02/5/23 04:16
NOTE: dates shown are JAN 1 unless noted, so the serial number shown is the *first* serial number produced the given year. Exceptions are serial numbers preceded by "up to"(where you can assume that the numbers reported in that subsection are DECEMBER 31, END OF YEAR NUMBERS) or rows where a month is given in the month column. If the serial number is shown as a range (xxxx-xxxx) it indicates that we know the entire range of serial numbers for the given year.

Patents:

• Granted:

The L.C. Smith & Bros. Typewriter Company was founded in Syracuse, N.Y. on January, 1st, 1903 by Lyman C. Smith and his brothers Hurlburt W., Wilbert L. and Monroe C., who resign from Smith Premier over the company's refusal to introduce a frontstroke typewriter. The Smith brothers, along with former Smith Premier employee Carl Gabrielson introduce L.C. Smith No. 2 in 1904.

The Rose Typewriter Company formed in 1908 by George Rose, son of Frank S. Rose, who designed the Standard Folding #1 in 1902. The machine was patented in 1904, but Frank Rose died in 1905 before he could see his design be manufactured. Manufacturing began in 1908 and in 1909 the manufacturing rights were purchased by Ben Conger and C. F. Brown, who formed The Standard Folding Typewriter Company and set up manufacturing in Groton, N.Y. and name changed to "Corona Typewriter Company" in 1914.

L.C. Smith & Bros. merges with Corona Typewriter Company in 1925 to become "L.C. Smith Bros. & Corona Typewriters, Inc." headquartered in Syracuse, N.Y.

 16
Platen Diameter Standards & Electrics 1.75" (44.45mm)
Portables: 1.268" (32.2mm) except Skyriter: 1" (25.4mm) 		24

Index:
 
Models and s/n Y M D Remarks Ref.
           

Manual Standards

 Serial Number Location: Models No. 1, 2 and 3: On the front cross bar just in back of front panel on the right end.
Models No. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8: On the front cross bar in the mechanism behind panel to the rear of keyboard on the right end. 		31
         

L.C. Smith No. 1 • 10" carriage

    
     
up to 1000 1905       4,13,15
2415 1906       13,15
4600 1907       13,15
6050 1908       13,15
7200 1909       13,15
8250 1910       13,15
9141 1911       13,15
         

L.C. Smith No. 2 • 10" carriage

    
     
up to 4 1904     No mistake: No. 2 was introduced before No. 1 4,13,15
5000 1905     10" carriage, for the "continental" market 13,15
16800 1906       13,15
33000 1907       13,15
49000 1908       13,15
69000 1909       13,15
95750 1910       13,15
119689 1911       13,15
         

L.C. Smith No. 3 • 14" carriage

    
     
up to 300 1907       4,13,15
1750 1908       13,15
3300 1909       13,15
5750 1910       13,15
8250 1911       13,15
11900 1912       13,15
16000 1913       13,15
19050 1914       13,15
up to 22360 1915       13
23925 1916       13
24700 1917       13
25441 1918       13
26500 1919       13
26635 1920       13
and up to 26400 1915       13
30250 1916       13
33450 1917       13
36141 1918       13
40400 1919       13
47750 1920       13
51500 1921       13
55950 1922       13
62311 1923       13
67311 1924       13
74200 1925       13
         

L.C. Smith No. 3 • 12" carriage

    
up to 1300 1921       13
5150 1922       13
10528 1923       13
14880 1924       13
20681 1925       13
         

L.C. Smith No. 3 • 18" carriage

    
up to 630 1925       13
         

L.C. Smith No. 4 • 10" carriage

    
10150 1911       13,15
11450 1912       13,15
12850 1913       13,15
13800 1914       13,15
14650 1915       13
15275 1916       13
17125 1917       13
18199 1918       13
18600 1919       13
18825 1920       13
18870 1921       13
18890 1922       13
19130 1923       13
         

L.C. Smith No. 5 • 10" carriage

    
     
up to 127300 1911       13,15
158750 1912       13,15
197500 1913       13,15
222000 1914       3,7,13,15
241450 1915       13
255700 1916       13
254000 1917       13
258753 1918       13
261900 1919       13
263150 1920       13
263357 1923       13
         

L.C. Smith No. 6 • 20" carriage

    
     
up to 750 1915       13,15
1200 1916       13,15
2100 1917       13,15
3150 1918       13,15
4300 1919       13,15
5400 1920       13,15
         

L.C. Smith No. 20 • 20" and 26" carriage

    
up to 6660 1915       13
7255 1916       13
7515 1917       13
7686 1918       13
7900 1919       13
7910 1920       13
7915 1922       13
7916 1923       13
and up to 7930 1915       13
10000 1916       13
11120 1917       13
12550 1918       13
14000 1919       13
16000 1920       13
17100 1921       13
18525 1922       1,13
20268 1923       13
22420 1924       13
24575 1925       13
         

L.C. Smith No. 7 • 10" carriage

    
up to 17242 1915       1,13
17243-17490 1916       1,13
17491-17750 1917       1,13
17751-18003 1918       1,13
18004-18500 1919       1,13
18501-19100 1920       1,13
19101-19500 1921       1,13
19501-20280 1922       1,13
20281-20799 1923       1,13
20800-21060 1924       1,13
21061-21582 1925-1926       1,13
21583-21854 1927       1,13,15
21855-22168 1928       1,13,15
22169-22629 1929       1,13,15
22630-22857 1930       1,13,15
22858-22952 1931       1,13,15
22953-22963 1932       1,13,15
22964-25011 1933       1,13,15
25012-25099 1934       1,13,15
25100-25138 1935       1,13,15
25139-25202 1936       1,13
         

L.C. Smith No. 8 • 10" carriage

    
     
up to 269700 1915     42 keys, 5 key decimal tabulator 4,13
290000 1916       13
317100 1917       13
334476 1918       13
357500 1919       13
390000 1920       13
416100 1921       13
443340 1922       13
485960 1923     Segment-switch downwards 13
521260 1924       13
560020 1925       13
         

L.C. Smith Standard and Silent No. 8 • all carriage sizes

    
     
560621-661900 1926       1,13,15
661901-756420 1927     Set-tabulator 1,13,15
756421-861323 1928     Over 815000, closed casing 1,13,15
861324- 939548 1929       1,13,15
939549-999229 1930       1,13,15
999230-1036436 1931       1,13,15
1036437-1049999 1932       1,13,15
1050000-1087914 1933       1,13,15
1087915-1146469 1934       1,13,15
1146470-1209168 1935       1,13,15
1209169-1285375 1936       1,13,15
         

L.C. Smith Standard and Silent No. 9 • all carriage sizes

    
     
Same serial numbers as No. 8, beginning with 980543         13
         

L.C. Smith New Silent • all carriage sizes

    
Same serial numbers as No. 8, beginning with 1131000 1934 Sep 6   13
           
         

Corona Standard, Silent and Electric

    
  All No. 1 Series Super-Speed L.C. Smiths designated as follows:
  • 1A-Standard
  • 1B-Silent
  • 1C-92 Character Standard
  • 1D-92 Character Silent
  • 1E-Carbon Ribbon Machine Standard
  • 1F-Carbon Ribbon Machine Silent
  • 1G-Elliott Stencil Machine
  • 1H-Comb. Elliott Stencil Machine
  • 1J-92 Character Carbon Ribbon Machine Standard
  
1285000-1397858 1937     Super-Speed Standard started 1330284, April 1, 1937 13,15,20
1397859-1457164 1938       13,15,20
1457165-1525092 1939     No. 1 Series Super-Speed Standard started 1510001, October 4, 1939 13,15,20
1525093-11616501 1940     No. 1 Series Super-Speed Silent started 1539915, February 27, 1940 13,15,20
11616502-1726786 1941       13,15,20
1726787-1788559 1942       13,15,20
1788560-1793283 1943       13,15,20
1793284-1850019 1944       13,15,20
1850020-1917387 1945       13,15,20
1917388-2002559 1946       13,15,20
2002560-2108698 1947       13,15,20
2108699-2193186 1948       13,15,20
2193187-2281855 1949       13,15,20
2281856-2358620 1950       13,15,20
  Series 6, 7 & 88
  • 6A Standard (84 Characters)
  • 6B Deluxe (84 Characters)
  • 6C Standard (92 Characters)
  • 6D Deluxe (92 Characters)
  • 6E Standard (88 Characters)
  • 6F Deluxe (88 Characters)
  • 6G Elliot Stencil (84 Characters)
  
2358621-3103000 1951     Model 6 13,15,20, 167
3103001-3200000 1952     Model 7 begins 25. Apr. 1952 with s/n 3133300 13,15,20
3200001-4025000 1953     Model 88 started at 4019932, Model 88A begins 18. Sep. 1953 with s/n 4000001 13,15,20
4025001-4098500 1954       15,20
4098501-4175000 1955       15,20
4175001-4256090 1956       15,20
4256091-4312070 1957       15,20
4312071-5113145 1958     Model 62 started at 5050000 15,20
5113146-5180350 1959       15,20
5180351-5190000 1960       20
5190001-5350000 1961       20
5350001-5430000 1962       20
5430001-5530000 1963       20
5530001-6140000 1964       20
6140001-6180000 1965       20
6180001-6200000 1966       20
           

Electric Standards
         

Model 1

    
        Electric Serial Numbers Concurrent with Standard - See There  
         

Model 2 • 2E Series

    
     
5038009 to 5151831 1958       6,1
         

Model 3 • 3E Series

    
3E 5007213 to 3E 5027438 1958       6,1
3E 5027439 to 3E 5097540 1959       6,1
3E 5097541 to 3E 5268042 1960       6,1
3E 5268043 to 3E 5268100 1961       6,1
3E 5268101 up 1962       6,1
         

Model 400/410 • 4E Series

    
4E 6000520 to 4E 6024347 1962       6,1
4E 6024348 to 4E 6102630 1963       6,1
4E 6102631 to 4E 6114372 1964       6,1
4E 6114373 to 6132234 1965       6,1
4E 6132235 up 1966       6,1
         

Model 88 • ?? Series

    
4019932 to 4025000 1953       6,1
4025001 to 4098500 1954       6,1
4098501 to 4175000 1955       6,1
         

Model 62 • ?? Series

    
5050000 to 5097100 1958       6,1
5097101 to 5170754 1959       6,1
5170755 to 5268 535 1960       6,1
5268536 to 5310072 1961       6,1
5310073 up 1962       6,1
         

Model 72 • ?? Series

    
5314336 to 5316494 1962       6,1
5316495 to 5512300 1963       6,1
5512301 up 1964       6,1
         

Model 75 • 75/E Series

    
75/E 6151101 to 6159452 1964       6,1
75E/ 6159453 to 6200000 1965       6,1,20
75E/ 6200001 up 1966       20
           

Manual Portables
         

Standard Folding #1 and #2

 Designed in 1902 by Frank S. Rose (died 1905), Patented 1904. George Rose (son) began Rose Typewriter Co. in 1908 and manufacturing began. Only a few prototype examples made between 1906 and 1908. 16
     
PROTO 1904-5     "Aluminum Machine" Prototype #2 for testing ribbon transport mechanism. 53
PROTO 1906     Many sources claim Serial #1 produced in 1906. This possibly is just a reference to a successful prototype and the publication of the prospectus by Wall Street promoter John Thompson in late 1906. 16,31,52, 53
-- 1907 02   "Rose Typewriter Company" formed by George Rose with $150,000 capital.
Otto Petermann hired as drill press operator in March, 1907. Otto would design the Corona 3 in 1910.		 53
1 to 1031 1908     March 1908: Production begins in NYC loft factory (2234 8th Avenue), first production machine off the line in March. Standard Folding #1. Capital shift on left, figure shift on right. Label in Old English typeface. 16,31,52, 53,54
1032 to 3698 1909     Standard Folding #1.
Standard Typewriter Company, Groton, NY. formed by Benn Conger and C. F. Brown, who purchased manufacturing rights.		 16,37,54
3699 to 5199 1910     Standard Folding #1 37,54
5570 1910 07   Final serial number for Standard Folding #1: 5570 52
5571 1910 07   Began Standard Folding #2. Capital and figure shifts on left side. Label in Roman typeface. 16,31,52
11499 1911 12   Standard Folding #2 37
11500-12000(?) 1912 02   Production of Standard Folding #2 ended. Began production of Corona 3.
Some examples built in 1912 are labelled Corona "Standard Folding".
Company name changed to Corona Typewriter Company in 1914. 		16,31,37, 52,53
      Serial Number Location: On inside of rear frame, at bottom center. 31

Corona 3, Special and Plus

 28 keys, 84 characters. 3-row keyboard, 10" carriage, Carriage Shift, 8.3 inch writing line. Price in 1927: $50 31
     
12000(?)-26299 1912     Corona 3 designed in 1910 by Otto Petermann.
With pivot bearing type bars.
Earliest Corona 3 serial number found: #12172
Corona No. 3. Weight (in case) 9 1/2 lb. Paper 9". Line 7 4/5". Dimensions (in case) length 11 1/4" width 9 3/4", height 4 1/2".		 1,6,8, 15,16,31, 37,52,53
26300-38299 1913     Ball bearing type bars began Aug 1913 with #33001. 1,6,8, 13,15,31
38300-50499 1914     Solid segment began Jan 1915 with #50234.
Corona Special and Plus.Weight (in case) 10 lb. Paper 9 3/4". Line 8 3/10". Dimensions (in case)length 12", width 10", height 4 1/2".		 8,13,15, 31
50500-72950 1915     "Improved" model began Dec 1915 with #70000. (now: "70,000 Series") 8,13,15, 31,55
72951-99999 1916       8,13,15
100000-138999 1917     New ribbon feed began July 1917 with #120000 8,13,15, 31
139000-193999 1918       8,13,15
194000-274999 1919     Light L-shaped folding arm adopted late 1919 with #247000. 8,13,15, 31
275000-365999 1920     Original solid folding arm re-adopted 1920 with #295000 8,13,15, 31
366000-436999 1921       8,13,15
437000-518199 1922     "Improved Model 3" began Oct 1922 with # 500001, (now: "500,000 Series") Shift keys added to right side of keyboard and frame enlarged. 8,13,15, 31,55
518200-585140 1923       8,13,15
585141-607151 1924     4-bank Model began March 1924 with #E200001. 3-Bank model production continues, but slows drastically. 8,13,15, 31
607152-609988 1925     Corona merges with L.C. Smith & Bros. to form "L.C. Smith & Corona Typewriter Co." in 1925. Label on frame in front of machine changed to reflect this, and the "3" model designation was dropped. 8,13,15
609989-611988 1926       8,13,15
611989-613354 1927       8,13,15
613355-619198 1928       8,13,15
619199-641817 1929       8,13,15
641818-656286 1930       8,13,15
656287-660546 1931       8,13,15
660547-663163 1932       8,13,15
663164-667257 1933       8,13,15
667258-679229 1934       8,13,15
679230-687104 1935       8,13,15
687105-688370 1936       8,13,15
688371-692809 1937       8,13,15
692810-696309 1938       8,13,15
696310-700056 1939       8,13,15
700057-700091 1940       8,13,15
700092-700354 1941     These final 262 machines assembled from parts by a company in Philadelphia in 1941. 8,13,15
         

Corona 3 XC/XCD/XCR/XCRD/X and Special

 Special Model 3 for chemists, doctors, engineers, etc. 30 keys, prints 90 characters.

"XC" Corona 3's having 30 keylevers.

"XCD" Corona 3's having 30 keylevers and equipped with a Dead Key.

"XCR" Corona 3's having 30 keylevers and right-to-left carriage movement. (Yiddish)

"XCRD" Corona 3's having 30 keylevers and right-to-left carriage movement along with a reverse Dead Key mechanism.

"X" Corona 3's with the manual reversing mechanism and the Linespace Carriage Return Lever.

"Special" Corona 3's on which the word "Special" appears on the Nameplate.

XCD model up to 4 dead keys. Carriage available in left-to-right movement.
Price in 1927: $55		 31,55
         

Corona 4

    
  Corona 4 began March 1924 with #E200001.
Price in 1927: $60, Carriage Shift.
Corona 4 models finished in DuPont DUCO® finishes will carry a prefix to the serial number to describe the finish as follows:
  • B Channel Blue, contrasting panels crackle finish in same color.
  • C Cream with Gold, contrasting panels in crackle finish Rose Gold.
  • D Light Maroon with Gold, contrasting panels in crackle finish Rose Gold.
  • G Bruce Green, contrasting panels crackle finish in same color.
  • G Bruce Green with Gold, contrasting panels in crackle finish Rose Gold.
  • G Bruce Green with Black, contrasting panels in crackle finish black.
  • J Black with Gold, contrasting panels in crackle finish Rose Gold.
  • L Lavender with Gold, contrasting panels in crackle finish Rose Gold.
  • P Channel Blue with Green, contrasting panels in textured finish of green.
  • R Light Maroon, contrasting panels crackle finish in same color.
  • S Mountain Ash Scarlet, contrasting panels in crackle finish black.
  • V Black, contrasting panels crackle finish in same color.
 1,11,31, 52
E200001-E615305 1924     Year Code "E", 6 digit serial number.
Weight (in case) 12 lb. Paper 10" Line 81". Dimension (in case) length 13", width 12", height 4 7/8".
"R.E." Model: Rack Escapement. Began E200001 and ended 4K00000. 		1,4,6, 13,15,31, 37,55
H100001-H615268 1925     Year Code "H", 6 digit serial number.
Corona merges with L.C. Smith & Bros. to form "L.C. Smith & Corona Typewriter Co." in 1925.		 1,6,13, 15,31,37
1K00001-6K15244 1926     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "K", 5 digit serial number.
New method of numbering began Jan 1926: Month code introduced and serial sequence drops one digit and recycles every 2 months.
Month Code as follows:
  1. January and February
  2. March and April
  3. May and June
  4. July and August
  5. September and October
  6. November and December
"W.E." Model: Wheel Escapement. Began 4K00001 and ended 2L00000. 		1,6,11, 13,15,31, 37,55
1L00001-6L10825 1927     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "L", 5 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
"S.C." Model: Steel Carriage. Began 2L00001 and ended 2P0400. 		1,6,13, 15,37,55
1M00001-6M10503 1928     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "M", 5 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months. 1,6,13, 15,37
1P00001-6P13063 1929     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "P", 5 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
"C.V." Model: Center Vibrator. Began 2P04000 and ended 6P04855.
"S.E.R." Model: Separate Escapement Rack. Began 6P04855 and ended 1A09549. 		1,6,13, 15,11,37, 55
1A00001-6A07479 1930     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "A", 5 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
"D.M.R." Model: Double Margin Release. Started 1A09550. DMR models can be equipped with Tabulator.
Machines manufactured with Tabulator ("Professional" models) have "T" suffix after serial number. 		1,6,13, 15,37,55
1B00001-4B02992 1931     Month Code 1-4, Year Code "B", 5 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
Production of Smith-Corona Floating Shift model begins, Corona 4 production slows drastically.
(Corona 4 production probably temporarily stops in Sept/Oct 1931, assembly stops in July/Aug 1931 and "5B" parts from Sept/Oct are left to assemble in 1932.) 		1,6,13, 15,37
5B00001-5B01151 and 1C00001-1C00665 1932     In 1932 the Corona 4 were manufactured under two series (B and C), Month Code 5 and 1, 5 digit serial number.
It seems likely that a batch of new parts were produced in Jan/Feb 1932, 665 of which were assembled throughout the year along with 1151 "5B" machines manufactured in Sept/Oct 1931.
Production of Corona 4 "J" Series begins. 		1,6,13, 15,37
1C00666-1C02162 and 1D00001-1D04515 1933     In 1933 the Corona 4 were manufactured under two series (C and D), Month Code 1, 5 digit serial number.
It seems likely that a batch of new parts were produced in Jan/Feb 1933, 4515 of which were assembled throughout the year along with 1496 "1C" machines manufactured in Jan/Feb 1932.
Production of Corona 4 "4X" Series begins. 		1,6,13, 15,37
1EO0001-6EO0065 1934     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "EO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
In 1934, Corona added the letter "O" to the year code and dropped another digit from the serial sequence.
Differentiating between the "O" (letter O) and "0" (number "0") is difficult, so beware.
Production of Corona 4 is now so low (no more than a few hundred every 2 months) that 5 digit series number is no longer needed.
Production of Corona 4 "Improved" begins.		 1,6,13, 15,37,52
1HO0001-3HO0305 1935     Month Code 1-3, Year Code "HO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
Production of Corona 4 "Improved" continues, Junior "J" and "FJ" Series begins.
(Did Corona temporarily stop production of the Corona 4 in May/June 1935?) 		1,6,13, 15,52
1KO0001-6KO0200 1936     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "KO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months. 1,6,13, 15,52
1LO0001-6LO0400 1937     Month Code 1-6, Year Code "LO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
Production of Junior "FJS" Series begins.		 1,6,13, 15,52
L1MO0001-L6MO0200 1938     in 1938 Corona appends "L" prefix to Month Code 1-6 and Year Code "MO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
For DuPont DUCO® finish machines, "L" prefix is superceded by Color Code (see above) except where finish is "L" (Lavender).
Production of Corona Zepyr and Zephyr DeLuxe begins. 		1,6,13, 15,52
L1PO0001-L5PO0500 1939     "L" prefix to Month Code 1-5 and Year Code "PO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
For DuPont DUCO® finish machines, "L" prefix is superceded by Color Code (see above) except where finish is "L" (Lavender).		 1,6,13, 15,52
L1AO0001-L3AO0100 1940     "L" prefix to Month Code 1-3 and Year Code "AO", 4 digit serial number which recycles every 2 months.
Corona 4 production ended May or June of 1940.		 1,6,13, 15,52
L3AO0101-L3AO1035 1941     "L" prefix to Month Code 3 and Year Code "AO", 4 digit serial number.
These final 934 machines were probably assembled by a company in Philadelphia in 1941 from parts manufactured in May/June 1940.		 1,6,13, 15,52
         

Corona 4 (J Model) • J Series

 Carriage Shift. Labeled "Model A".  
up to J 5171 1932 12     24,36,37
         

Corona 4 (4X Model) • 4X Series

 2495 made between February and December 1933. Carriage Shift.  
4X 10000 1933 02   4X Model started Feb 1933 @ #4X10000 18
up to 4X 12495 1933 12     13,15,17, 24,36,37
         

Corona "Four" Improved • 1F Series

 Carriage Shift  
up to 1F 5075 1934 12     13,15,17, 24,36,37
1F 5076-1F 10867 1935       13,15,36, 37
         

Junior (J) • 1J Series

 Carriage Shift.  
up to 1J 2804 1934 12     13,15,17, 24,36,37
1J 2805-1J 3606 1935       13,15,17, 24,36,37
         

Junior (FJ) • 1F-J Series

 Carriage Shift.  
1F 10000 to
1F 11204 J		 1935       13,15,17, 24,36,37
1F 11205 J-1F 15945 J 1936       13,15,17, 24,36,37
1F 15946 J-1F 23067 J 1937       13,15,17, 24,36,37
1F 23068 J-1F 28931 J 1938       13,15,17, 24,36
1F 28932 J-1F 29005 J 1939       13,15,17, 24,36
1F 29006 J-1F 29005 J 1940       13,15,17, 24,36
         

Junior (FJS) • 1F-JS Series

 11/18/37 announced Corona Junior "S" Model, list price $42.50. Includes backspacer. Carriage Shift. 18
1F 20000 JS-1F 23167 JS 1937     "S" Improved began at #1F 23595 JS. 13,15,17, 24,36,37
1F 23168 JS-1F 28900 JS 1938       13,15,17, 24,36
1F 28901 JS-1F 29198 JS 1939       13,15,17, 24,36
1F 29199 JS-1F 31398 JS 1940       13,15,17, 24,36
         

Zephyr • 1Z Series

 Aug 1938: announced Corona Zephyr model to meet Hermes Baby in marketplace.
List price $29.75, price to dealer $18.50		 18
1Z 1-1Z 32816 1938       13,15,17, 24,36
1Z 32817-1Z 57584 1939       13,15,17, 24,36
1Z 57585-1Z 65400 1940       13,15,17, 24,36
1Z 65401-1Z 78926 1941       13,15,17, 24,36
         

Zephyr De Luxe • 1Y Series

 Carriage Shift.  
1Y 1-1Y 13301 1938       13,15,17, 24,36
1Y 13302-1Y 15443 1939       13,15,17, 24,36
1Y 15444-1Y 28725 1940       13,15,17, 24,36
1Y 28726-1Y 37351 1941       13,15,17, 24,36
         

Skyriter • 2Y/3Y/4Y Series

    
     
2Y-Series          
up to 2Y 8550 1949       1,6,13, 15,17,24, 30
2Y 8551-2Y 50571 1950       1,6,13, 15,17,24, 30
2Y 50572-2Y 92427 1951       1,6,13, 15,17,24, 30
2Y 92428-2Y 135042 1952       1,6,13, 15,17,24, 30
2Y 135043-2Y 191002 1953       1,6,13, 15,17,24, 30
2Y 191003-2Y 239329 1954       1,6,15, 17,24,30
2Y 239330-2Y 290373 1955       1,6,15, 17,24,30
2Y 290374-2Y 334611 1956       1,6,15, 17,24,30
2Y 334612-2Y 339862 1957       15,17,24, 30
2Y 339863-2Y 344262 1958       15,17,24
           
3Y-Series          
3Y-10000-3Y 46382 1956       1,6,15, 17,24
3Y 46383-3Y 106810 1957       1,6,15, 17,24
3Y 106811-3Y 196810 1958       15
3Y 196811-3Y 263126 1959       15,17,24
3Y 263127-3Y 283251 1960       17
           
4Y-Series          
4Y 25000-up and 4Y 450001 W to 4Y 528750 W 1960     Series jump, manufacturing moved to England. 17,30
4Y 528751 W to 4Y 614000 W 1961       30
4Y 614001 W to 4Y 703000 W 1962       30
4Y 703001 W to 4Y 799000 W 1963       30
         

Corsair • 5YB Series

   30
5YB 10001 to 5YB 12062
and
5YB 18001 to 5YB 20027		 1964       30
5YB 12063 to 5YB 15268
and
5YB 20028 to 5YB 26318		 1965       30
5YB 15269 to 5YB 18000
and
5YB 26319 to 5YB 35537
and
5YB 45001 to 5YB 45893		 1966       30
5YB 35538-up
and
5YB 45894-up		 1967       30
         

Corsair • 6Y Series

 Smith-Corona 6YC Corsair Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF 30
200001 to 204522
and
215001 to 229000
and
235001 to 237393		 1964       30
204523 to 214700
and
237394 to 256942		 1965       30
214701 to 215000
and
220001 to 223731
and
256943 to 277345		 1966       30
223732-up
and
277346-up		 1967       30
         

Calypso • 6Y Series

   30
542980 1974       30
551013 1975       30
593468 1976       30
632863 1977       30
         

Super-G (Ghia) • 7YP Series 1

   129
100001-111000 1972     (Approximation) 129
111001-124000 1973     (Approximation) 129
124001-135000 1974     (Approximation) 129
135001-150000 1975     (Approximation) Note: Super-G #7YP150000 produced on Nov. 1, 1975 - gold-accented with factory commemorative plate attached. 129
150001-160000 1976     (Approximation) 129
160000-up 1977     (Approximation) 129

Super-G (Ghia) & GT • 7YP Series 2

   129
16776 1972     (Approximation) 129
25189 1973     (Approximation) 129
34239 1974     (Approximation) 30,129
43006 1975     (Approximation) 30,129
46541 1976     (Approximation) 30,129
61105 1977     (Approximation) 30,129
         

Comet • 1W Series

 Model "W". 55
up to 1W 11264 1940 12     17,24
1W 19431 1941 12     17,24
         

Comet De Luxe • 1N Series

 Model "N". 55
up to 1N 15547 1941 12     17,24
         

Smith Corona (S-C) • no prefix

 Model "S-C": From #1000001 to #1052742 55
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
1000000 to 1016200 1931 12     13,17,24
1034179 1932 12     13,17,24
1045631 1933 12     13,17,24
1052741 1934 12     13,17,24
         

Standard • 1C Series

 Model "C": Standard and Clipper. Floating Shift. 55
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
up to 1C 34770 1935 12     13,15,17, 24,37
1C 90761 1936 12     13,15,17, 24
1C 76123S 1936 12   Corona Special Standard Model manufactured in 1936 only, and is identified by the letter "S" as an affix to the serial number. All other identifying code symbols are prefixed to the serial number. 13,15,17, 24
1C 160323 1937 12     13,15,17, 24
1C 161289 1938 12     13,15,17, 24
1C 179765 1939 12     13,15,17, 24
1C 183086 1940 12     13,15,17, 24
1C 189773 1941 12     13,15,17, 24
           
1CR-Series          
up to 1CR 45017 1937 12     13,17,24
1CR 45317 1938 12     13,17,24
           

Standard • 2C Series

 6/1/38: announced "Speedline" portable. 18
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
up to 2C 200284 1938 12     13,15,17, 24
2C 223542 1939 12     13,15,17, 24
2C 250439 1940 12     13,15,17, 24,30
2C 251475 1941 12     13,15,17, 24,30
           

Standard • 3C Series

    
3C 235501 to
3C 242600		 1940 12     13,15,17, 24,30
  1941 07 01 7/1/41: Corona announces new "3" Series Speedline models:
3S=Corona Silent
3A=Corona Sterling
3C=Corona Standard		 18
3C 269927 1941 12     13,15,17, 24,30
3C 282618 1942 12     13,15,17, 24,30
3C 300600 1943 12     13,15,17, 24,30
3C 318300 1944 12     13,15,17, 24,30
3C 348593 1945 12   Oct. 1945: Smith-Corona begins selling portables to the public again after wartime production going to military.
The Smith-Corona "Standard" is now renamed "Clipper".		 13,15,17, 24,30
           

Clipper • 4C Series

    
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
4C 100001 to
4C 112627		 1945 12   Oct. 1945: Smith-Corona begins selling portables to the public again after wartime production going to military.
The Smith-Corona "Standard" is now renamed "Clipper".		 13,15,17, 24,30
4C 142253 1946 12     13,15,17, 24,30
4C 188264 1947 12     13,15,17, 24,30
4C 241798 1948 12     13,15,17, 24,30
4C 256693 1949 12     30
           

Clipper • 5C Series

    
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
5C 122567 1949 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 154678 1950 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 182982 1951 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 198643 1952 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 224121 1953 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 234600 1954 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 263320 1955 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 338427 1956 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 392006 1957 12     15,17,24, 30
5C 436001 1958 12   Color: Sapphire Grey 15,17,24, 55
5C 481766 1959 12     15,17,24
5C 485621 1960 12     17
         

Silent • 1S Series

 Model "S": Silent. Floating Shift. 55
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
1S-Series          
1S 6801 to
1S 12725		 1934 12     15,17,24, 30,37
1S 28677 1935 12     15,17,24, 37
1S 41270 1936 12     15,17,24
1S 53123 1937 12     15,17,24
1S 53508 1938 12     15,17,24
           

Silent • 2S Series

 6/1/38: announced "Speedline" portable. 18
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
2S 71813 1938 12     15,17,24
2S 79519 1939 12     6,15,17, 24
2S 83687 1940 12     6,15,17, 24
2S 83999 1941 12     6,15,17, 24
           

Silent • 3S Series

    
3S 88551 to
3S 90045		 1940 12     6,15,17, 24,30
  1941 07 01 7/1/41: Corona announces new "3" Series Speedline models:
3S=Corona Silent
3A=Corona Sterling
3C=Corona Standard		 18
3S 98577 1941 12     6,15,17, 24
3S 102148 1942 12     15,17,24
-- 1943     WWII  
3S 102159 1944 12     15,17,24, 30
           

Silent • 4S Series

    
4S 100001 to
4S 101500		 1945 12     6,15,17, 24,30
4S 119969 1946 12     15,17,24, 30
4S 151433 1947 12     15,17,24, 30
4S 195646 1948 12     15,17,24
4S 209057 1949 12     15,17,24, 30
           

Silent • 5S Series

    
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
5S 141360 1949 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 214253 1950 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 292081 1951 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 362057 1952 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 453473 1953 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 485250 1954 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 502069 1955 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 542779 1956 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 553031 1957 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5S 567535 1958 12   Color: Sapphire Grey 15,17,24, 30,55
         

Sterling • 1A Series

 Model "A": Sterling. Floating Shift. 55
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
up to 1A 4794 1934 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 12460 1935 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 20249 1936 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 29113 1937 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 30560 1938 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 34669 1939 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 35570 1940 12     6,13,15, 17,24
1A 36554 1941 12     6,13,15, 17,24
           
1AR-Series          
1AR 14100 1938 12     6,13,15, 17,24
           

Sterling • 2A Series

 6/1/38: announced "Speedline" portable. 18
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
2A 50694 1938 12     6,13,15, 17,24
2A 62335 1939 12     6,13,15, 17,24
2A 72812 1940 12     6,15,17, 24
2A 73257 1941 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
           

Sterling • 3A Series

    
3A 71001 to
3A 74288		 1940 12     6,15,17, 24,30
  1941 07 01 7/1/41: Corona announces new "3" Series Speedline models:
3S=Corona Silent
3A=Corona Sterling
3C=Corona Standard		 18
3A 97291 1941 12     6,13,15, 17,24
3A 107498 1942 12     6,13,15, 17,24
-- 1943     WWII  
3A 107503 1944 12     17,24
3A 107506 1945 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
           

Sterling • 4A Series

    
4A 100001 to
4A 106881		 1945 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
4A 161854 1946 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
4A 227084 1947 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
4A 292044 1948 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
4A 307060 1949 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
           

Sterling • 5A Series

    
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
5A 146080 1949 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
5A 226840 1950 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
5A 310096 1951 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
5A 371576 1952 12     6,13,15, 17,24,30
5A 450885 1953 12     6,13,15, 17,30
5A 497902 1954 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5A 546378 1955 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5A 614751 1956 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5A 666635 1957 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5A 712305 1958 12     6,15,17, 24
5A 750736 1959 12   Colors below #5A 759041: Sapphire Grey.
Colors above #5A 759041: Sage Grey, Alpine Blue, Seafoam Green. (although #5A 755482 was found in Seafoam Green so, grain of salt, y'know.)		 6,15,17, 24,55
5A 819417 1960 12     17
5A 886500 1961 12   Approximation 17
5A 953400 1962 12   Approximation  
5A 1030000 1963 12   Approximation  
5A 1090000 1964 12   Approximation  
         

Sterling • 5AX Series

 Super-5 style body, smooth paint, ribbon cover slightly squared for labeling face.
Colors: Dawn Grey, Spring Green, Starmist Blue.		 55
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
5AX 150000 1963     (Approximation)  
5AX 250000 1964     (Approximation)  
5AX 350000 1965     (Approximation)  
5AX 400000 1966     (Approximation)  
         

Super Sterling • 6SS Series

 Galaxie-style body  
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
6SS 100001-136172 1966     (Approximation) Manufacture began Sept., 1966 129
6SS 136173-254045 1967     (Approximation) 129
6SS 254046-399999 1968     (Approximation) 129
6SS 400000-432483 1969     (Approximation) 129
6SS 432484-478480 1970     (Approximation) 129
6SS 478481-556366 1971     (Approximation) 129
6SS 556367-608291 1972     (Approximation) Production ended Sept., 1972 129
         

Sterling • 6MSE Series

 Replaces Super Sterling, 1972. Nearly identical catalog pages from 1971 and 1972 show the Super Sterling (1971) and Sterling (1972). 129
100001-152945 1972     (Approximation) 129
152946-258835 1973     (Approximation) 129
258836-329428 1974     (Approximation) 129
329429-up 1975     (Approximation). Discontinued by 4/1975 129
         

Sterling 12 • 6MLA Series

   129
100001-145000 1968     (Approximation) 129
145001-189999 1969     (Approximation) 129
190000-234998 1970     (Approximation) 129
234999-279997 1971     (Approximation) 129
279998-324996 1972     (Approximation) 129
324997-369995 1973     (Approximation) 129
         

Super and Silent Super • 5T Series

    
  Smith-Corona Floating Shift Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
up to 5T 104302 1953 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5T 163771 1954 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5T 244965 1955 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5T 388642 1956 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5T 564815 1957 12     6,15,17, 24,30
5T 666544 1958 12     17,24
5T 753023 1959 12   Colors: Sapphire Grey, Alpine Blue, Desert Sand, Seafoam Green. 17,24,55
5T 775034 1960 12     17
5T 775035 and up 1961 01     17
         

Silent Super 12" • 5LT Series

 Colors: Driftwood Grey, Alpine Blue, Desert Sand, Seafoam Green. 55
up to 5LT 104367 1958 12     15,17,24
5LT 105659 1959 12     17
5LT 105660 and up 1960 01     17
         

Galaxie • 6T Series

    
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
up to 6T 252071 1959 12   "Smith-Corona" silver label on ribbon cover.
Color choices: Driftwood Grey, Apache Tan, Spring Green, Starmist Blue, Hunter Red. (adv. May 1960, Boy's Life)		 15,17,24, 55
6T 330732 1960 12   Added "SCM" block logo to front face. 17
6T 348598 1961 12     6,30
6T 355000 1962 12   (approximation)  
6T 363650 1963 12     55
6T 363650 and up 1964 01   "Smith-Corona" label removed from ribbon cover and added with "SCM" block logo to front face.
Color choices: Dawn Grey, Sierra Tan, Spring Green, Starmist Blue.		 55
         

Galaxie II • 6T2 Series

    
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
100001-147500 1964     (Approximation).  
147501-195000 1965     (Approximation). Serial #6T2-192575 sold on Dec. 23, 1965  
195001-290000 1966     (Approximation). Serial #6T2-255622 sold on May 28, 1966  
         

Galaxie Deluxe 10 • 6T2V Series

    
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
100001-?? 1966        
??-?? 1967        
??-?? 1968        
??-?? 1969        
??-?? 1970        
??-?? 1971        
??-?? 1972        
         

Galaxie Deluxe 12 • 6MLB Series

    
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
100001-?? 1969        
??-?? 1970        
??-?? 1971        
??-?? 1972        
         

Classic 10 • 5X Series

    
up to 5X 101805 1963 12   Colors up to this serial: Sage Grey, Alpine Blue, Seafoam Green. 55
5X 101806 and up 1964 01   Colors beyond this serial: Dawn Grey, Starmist Blue, Spring Green. 55
         

Classic 10 • 6MSC Series

    
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
100001-104626 1970     (Approximation). Introduced Nov., 1969 129
104627-109252 1971     (Approximation) 129
109253-up 1972     (Approximation) 129
         

Classic 12 • 6LT/6LTV Series

 Colors: Charcoal Grey, Spring Green, Starmist Blue, Sierra Tan. 55
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
6LTV 100001 1963     Series 5&6 Adjustment manual suggests Classic 12 entered production at least as early as 1963. 55
6LTV 127000 1964     (Approximation)  
6LTV 154000 1965     (Approximation)  
6LTV 181000 1966     (Approximation)  
6LTV 208000 1967     (Approximation)  
6LTV 235000 1968     (Approximation)  
6LTV 262000 1969     (Approximation)  
6LTV 289000 1970     (Approximation)  
6LTV 316000 1971     (Approximation)  
6LTV 343000 1972     (Approximation)  
6LTV 370000 1973     (Approximation)  
6LTV 395675 1974       124
6LTV 435000 1975     (Approximation) 6LTV 438788 Shipped to dealer April 1, 1975  
6LTV 470000 1976     (Approximation)  
6LTV 505000 1977     (Approximation)  
6LTV 540000 1978     (Approximation)  
6LTV 575000 1979     (Approximation)  
6LTV 597393 1980 07   Warranty card: 6LTV 597393W sold in July 1980.  
         

Classic 15 • ??? Series

   30
13376A 1976       30
18601A 1977       30
         

Galaxie Twelve • 6MLC Series

    
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
6MLC 100001-111369 1972     (Approximation) Production began Dec., 1972. 129
6MLC 111370-247796 1973     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 247797-384224 1974     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 384225-520652 1975     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 520653-657080 1976     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 657081-793508 1977     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 793509-929936 1978     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 929937-1054995 1979     (Approximation) 129
6MLC 1054996-1066364 1980     (Approximation) Production ends Jan., 1980. 129
         

Enterprise • 5EA Series

 Super-5 style body
Information attributed to Nick Bodemer and Jay Respler, but unconfirmed and undocumented.		  
E5A 12000 1961     (Approximation)  
         

Sears Tutor • ??? Series

 Introduced in 1966, discontinued 1969.
Choice of Medium Blue or Hot Coral in 1966, and Blue in other years.
Information attributed to Nick Bodemer and Jay Respler, but unconfirmed and undocumented.		  
21000 to 47915 1966        
39000 to 71945 1967        
77000 to 96431 1968        
         

Penncrest Caravelle 10 • P6S Series

 J.C. Penny's rebrand of SCM. 10" Carriage. 129
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
100001-106609 1967     (Approximation) 129
106610-110184 1968     (Approximation) 129
110185-113759 1969     (Approximation) 129
113760-117344 1970     (Approximation) 129
117345-120909 1971     (Approximation) 129
120910-124484 1972     (Approximation) 129
124485-128059 1973     (Approximation) 129
128060-131635 1974     (Approximation) 129
131636-up 1975     (Approximation). Discontinued 4/75. 129
         

Penncrest Caravelle 12 • P6L Series

 J.C. Penny's rebrand of SCM. 12" Carriage 129
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
100001-103541 1967     (Approximation) 129
103542-107081 1968     (Approximation) 129
107082-110621 1969     (Approximation) 129
110622-114161 1970     (Approximation) 129
114162-117701 1971     (Approximation) 129
117702-121241 1972     (Approximation) 129
121242-124781 1973     (Approximation) 129
124782-128321 1974     (Approximation) 129
128322-131861 1975     (Approximation). Production ends around 1975 129
           

Electric Portables
         

Portable Electric • 5TE Series

 Colors from 1956: Beige, Alpine Blue, Seafoam Green. White began 1958. 55
  Smith-Corona 5, 5TE and 6 Series Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF  
5TE 100000-118000 1956 12   Announced Oct 9, 1956. Scattered dealers begin offering around Oct 20th. Approx. 18,000 produced in 1956. 172
5TE 118001-141000 1957 12   Widely offered by dealers by Jan/Feb 1957. Smith-Corona launched national ad campaign in April, 1957. Approx. 23000 produced in 1957. 172
5TE 141001-167372 1958 12   "Electric" front badge changed from white to red between #140010 and #152020. Approx. 26372 produced in 1958. 15,17,24
5TE 167373-198870 1959 12   31498 Produced in 1959. 15,17,24
5TE 198871-233813 1960 12   34944 produced in 1960. 17
5TE 233814 and up 1961 01   Series ended 1961. 17
         

Electric/Electra 12 • 5LE Series

 Colors: Sage Gey, Alpine Blue, Seafoam Green 55
up to 5LE 131403 1959 12     15,17,24
5LE 160079 1960 12     17
5LE 160080 and up 1961 01     17
         

Coronet 10" Electric • 6SE Series

 Colors: Dawn Grey, Sierra Tan, Spring Green, Starmist Blue. 55
up to 6SE 102657 1960 12     17
6SE 102658 and up 1961 01     17
6SE 1962       60
6SE 1963       60
6SE 1964       60
6SE 1965       60
6SE 1966       60
6SE 1967       60
6SE 1968       60
         

Poweriter/Electra SS • 6SEB/B6SE/B6SV/6BL Series

  
  Galaxie-style body, internal rechargable battery allowed cordless operation.
Smith-Corona 6 & 8 Series Electric & Cartridge Ribbon Typewriter Service & Repair Manual Printed Book | PDF 		 
6SEB (all) 1963 2   All 6SEB Poweriters manufactured February, 1963. 10" carriage. 124
B6SE (all) 1964     All B6SE Poweriters manufactured in 1964. Dual voltage, 10" carriage. 124
B6SV (all) 1966 5   All B6SV Poweriters manufactured May, 1966. Basically a facelift of B6SE model. 10" carriage. 124
B6LV (all) 1966     All B6LV Poweriters manufactured in 1966. 12" carriage version of B6SV. 124
6BL (all) 1968     All 6BL Electra Solid State manufactured in 1968. Significant design changes:
Operate on AC without battery in machine.
Mode indicator
110/220 switch removed.
Impression control when operating on AC.
Three-wire cord.
Four-position selector: Off/AC/Battery/Charge. 		124
         

Model 200 • 6LR Series

    
6LR 104460 1961       6
6LR 135157 1962       6
6LR 152269 up 1963       6
         

Model 250 (Mark I) • 6LRB/X6LR/6XVR/X6RV Series

  
6LRB 111001 1963       6
6LRB 121499 up 1964       6
X6LR 100350 to X6LR 114831 1965       6
6XVR 233229 to 6XVR 265415 1965     15in. 6
X6LR 114832 to X6LR 116907 1966       6
X6LR 100173 to X6LR 101223 1966       6
6XVR 265416 to 6XVR299816 1966     15in. 6
X6LR 100194 to X6LR 100292 1966     15in. 6
X6LR 121454 up 1967       6
X6RV 101234 up 1967       6
6XVR 299817 up 1967     15in. 6
X6LR 100293 up 1967     15in. 6
         

Model 250 (Mark II) • X6LR Series

    
X6LR 417000 1968       6
X6LR 452000 1969       6
X6LR 550000 up 1970       6
         

Model 300 • 7EVB Series

    
7EVB 2014718 1972       6
7EVB 2016846 1973       6
         

Secretarial 250 • 6EVC Series

    
6EVC 708563 1972       6
6EVC 766031 1973       6
6EVC 807343 1974       30
6EVC 807640 1975       30
         

Super 12 • ??? Series

    
??? 107451 1974       30
??? 173853 1975       30
??? 31754A 1977     New Series 30
         

Electra II • ??? Series

    
??? 10901A 1976       30
??? 48267A 1977       30
         

Electra Automatic • 3LR Series

    
3LR 16502 1976       30
3LR 31813A 1977       30
         

Coronamatic 2200 • 8ELA Series

    
8ELA 268230 1975       30
8ELA 18801A 1976       30
8ELA 013569A 1977       30
           

Reference numbers

* Indicates source data the current list maintainer has access to. Usually it means we have a copy of the document in question, but it might be in the form of a later edition list. However, for the purposes of validation we have been able to confirm the source.

   
No. Literature
1 * Century of the Typewriter, Wilfred A. Beeching, publ. by the British Typewriter Museum, 1974, 1990, ISBN 0951679007
2 * Joan Sales,"Date your Underwood Typewriter" - Website : http://www.oocities.org/heartland/cottage/5405/serial.htm, reference to Richard Polt
(note: The source for this article was at least partially Ref. #18)
3 Allowance Sheet 1918, made available by Andrew B. Schrader
4 Ernst Martin, Die Schreibmaschine und ihre Entwicklungsgeschichte(The Typewriter and the history of it's developement), publ. by Johannes Meyer Verlag and Basten International, 1920 to 1949 and reprints
5 * Darryl Rehr, Antique typewriters, by Schroeder publishing, Los Angeles, 1997, ISBN 0891457577
see: http://home.earthlink.net/~dcrehr/book/book.html
6 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies contributed by Mr. Bruce Beard, Australia
(note: this reference same as #28)
7 * "Liste der Herstellungsdaten gangbarer Schreibmaschinen" Listing of the production dates of commen typewriters), publ. by Wochenschrift für Papier, Otto Hoffmann Verlag, 1941, Berlin, copies contributed by Mr. Paul Roberts, Netherlands. Current copy from the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
8 * Richard Polt, adapted from the book of Paul Lippman, American Typewriters: A Collector's Encyclopedia (1992) and corrected, based on a list publ. in ETCetera #4
see: http://www.aquaporin4.com/etcetera/ETC.04.pdf
9 "Fabriknummernverzeichnis" (Factory number Listing), booklet which could be purchased optionally with book reference No. 4, edition 1941, publ. by Johannes Meyer Verlag, Pappenheim 1941
10 "Fabrikationsdaten von Schreibmaschinen", listing of typewriter serial numbers for dealer's, 1942 and 1935, publ. by Carl Teege Verlag, Hamburg
11 Ames Supply General Catalog from 1949
12 Information contributed by Will Davis, see : http://www.hometown.aol.com/page3.html
13 Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und auslaendischer Schreibmaschinen, 10 Auflage, 1955, publ. by Burghagen Verlag, Hamburg (small book, pre-owned by the Adler Werke vorm. Heinrich Kleyer, Frankfurt)
14 * Leonhard Dingwerth, Kleines Lexikon Historischer Schreibmaschinen (Small Lexicon of Historical Typewriters), publ. by Kunstgrafik Dingwerth, Eichendorffstr. 77, D-33415 Verl
15 * Office Typewriter Age List No. 26, publ. by Smith-Corona, by courtesy of Mr. Ron Fuller, Los Angeles, USA
(note: this reference same as #22)
16 * American Typewriters - A Collector's Encyclopedia by Paul Lippman, 1992, Hoboken
17 * National Office Machine Dealers Assoc. "Blue Book" (NOMDA), 1964, provided by Bill Wahl
18 * Remington Information Binder (The Sheridan Binder), 1950's to 1970's, provided by Richard Polt.
see: http://munk.org/typecast/2011/09/07/in-preparation-for-an-updated-typewriter-serial-number-database-royal-portables/
19 * Interview with P. Birchmeier, Aug. 2012, reported by Georg Sommeregger.
see: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/theportabletypewriterforum/message/31895
20 * National Office Machine Dealers Assoc. "Blue Book" (NOMDA), 1980, provided by Bill Wahl.
see: http://munk.org/typecast/2011/04/22/national-office-machine-dealer-association-1972-typewriter-age-guide/
21 * VOSS Schreibmaschinen, 2012, published by Georg Sommeregger.
see: https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/VOSS.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_52.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_24_typewriter.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_klein_voss.html
https://www.sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/voss_privat.html
22 * Smith-Corona Age List #26, 1960, provided by Bill M.
see: http://offountainpenstypewriters.blogspot.com/2012/02/typewriter-serial-numbers.html
and: http://offountainpenstypewriters.blogspot.com/2012/02/moretypewriter-serial-numbers.html
23 * Shipman-Ward Office Machine Dealer's Line Book, Jan 1, 1954, provided by Bill Wahl.
see: http://munk.org/typecast/2013/01/05/shipman-ward-dealers-line-book-1954%E2%80%93part-2-age-lists/
24 * H.F.W. Schramm, Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und ausländischer Schreibmaschinen, 11th edition, Hans Burghagen Verlag, Hamburg 1962 - copy provided by Georg Sommeregger. Additional copy from the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
25 * P. Frensel, Die Entwicklung der ehemaligen DDR-Schreibmaschinen-Produktion (einschliesslich der bis 1945 produzierten Schreibmaschinen in diesem Gebiet sowie der Produktion ab 1990), in: Schreibmaschinen- und Bureau-Zeitung, Nr. 10/1999, Nr. 11/2000, Nr. 12/2000 (originally published in: Mannheimer Hefte für Schriftvergleich, Nr. 1-2/1999) - provided by Georg Sommeregger and later by Otto Koponen
"The development of the former GDR typewriter production (including typewriters produced on its territory until 1945 and production after 1990)"
26 * "The Writing Machine (A history of the typewriter)" Michael H. Adler
27 * "Antique Typewriters from Creed to QWERTY" Michael H. Adler
28 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. Dec 1973 by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies contributed by Mr. Peter Brill, Australia
(note: this reference same as #6)
29 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. Oct 1971 by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies: T. Munk with the assistance of Mr. Rob Bowker, UK
30 * Typewriter Age Guide, publ. Oct 1980 by Office Machines and Equipment Federation, London, copies: T. Munk with the assistance of Mr. Rob Bowker, UK
31 * The Business Machines and Equipment Digest, publ. 1927 by Equipment-Research Corporation, copy contributed by Mark Adams.
see: http://type-writer.org/?p=2850
32 * R. Blickensderfer and P. Robert, "The Five-Pound Secretary. An Illustrated History of the Blickensderfer Typewriter", publ. 2003 by The Virtual Typewriter Museum, excerpt contributed by Georg Sommeregger.
33 * Matricolario Olivetti, copy contributed by Enrico Morozzi.
34 * Olivetti Graphika Serial Number List, compiled by Domenico Scarzello.
See: http://www.typewriterstory.com/index.php/ol-graphica
35 * Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und auslandischer Schreibmaschinen - 1950. By Carl Teege, Published by Hans Burghagen Verlag. From the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
36 * Liste der Herstellungsdaten deutscher und auslandischer Schreibmaschinen - 1953. Published by Hans Burghagen Verlag. From the collection of Ryk van Dijk, scanned by Marlies Louwes.
37 * National Typewriter and Office Machine Dealer's Association (NOMDA) Typewriter and Adding Machine Allowance Schedule, February 1, 1941. From the Collection of Tony Casillo, contributed by Richard Polt.
38 * Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict. Remington Standard typewriter. New York : Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict, [188-?], accessed from the Baker Library, Harvard Business School.
See: http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/view/2574435
39 * Documented Hammond Serial Numbers, V.4 Jan. 1, 2013 through V.7 Jul 20, 2017, Compiled by Peter Weil.
40 * Blick Billheads With Serial Numbers, Compiled by Peter Weil.
41 * Olympia, USA "Allowance Sheet T-58" (approx 1977). From the Collection of Tony Casillo, contributed by Richard Polt.
42 * IBM Typewriters Serial Numbers 1946 to 1977, Montreal Branch - IBM Canada Ltd. Contributed to Yahoo GolfBallTypewriterShop group by Jacques Coulombe.
43 * Xerox Factbook 1987
See: http://simson.net/ref/Xerox/
44 * IBM Selectric Adjustment & Parts Manual S241-5939-2
45 * Brother Service Update #31, June 20, 1985
See: http://munk.org/typecast/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/brother-datecodes-1.jpg
46 * Brother Letter #0203 (10/1979) "How to Determine In-Warranty Typewriters"
See: http://munk.org/typecast/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/brother-warranty-3.jpg
47 * Brother Service Manuals and Addendums 1974-1990 "The Edsel R. Sanders Collection"
See: http://munk.org/typecast/2014/05/06/a-brotherly-bonanza/
48 * National Typewriter and Office Machine Dealer's Association (NOMDA) Typewriter and Adding Machine Allowance Schedule, 1977. From the Collection of Tony Casillo, contributed by Richard Polt.
49 * Brother Group Corporate Profile, 2014
See: http://download.brother.com/pub/com/en/corporate/pdf/2014/broa4_3334_en.pdf
50 * Victor Standard Typewriters, By Will Davis
See: http://web.archive.org/web/20090830084402/http:/geocities.com/wbd641/Victor.html
51 * Die historische Entwicklung des Bet riebes Optima Erfurt (2008), by Eberhard Lippmann. Contributed by Vilhelm Dromberg
52 * Corona: The Personal Writing Machine, by S. L. Johnson
See: http://www.sljohnson.net/typewriter/corona.html
53 * Standard Folding Typewriter by Richard Milton
See: http://www.portabletypewriters.co.uk/portable_typewriters_standard_folding.htm
54 * Collect Folding Coronas, by Paul Lippman
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC004.pdf?page=4
55 * Smith-Corona Parts and Service Manuals (1947-1999) lent by Bill Wahl
56 * Europe - Oliver - SIM - MAS small typewriters, by Georg Sommeregger.
See: https://sommeregger.name/typewriters/collection/OLIVER_SIM_MAS.html
57 * The Montana line of Hermes clones, by Mark Adams.
See: http://type-writer.org/?p=3598
58 * The Hermes Baby page!, by Georg Sommeregger.
See: http://www.typewriters.ch/collection/hermes_baby.html
59 * American Digest of Business Machines, 1924. Contributed by Richard Polt.
See: http://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/ADBM1924.pdf
60 * "MTE-INV" Mesa Typewriter Exchange Stock Inventory Records 1950 to 1987. Contributed by Bill Wahl.
61 * "Mechanical Typewriters - Their History, Value, and Legacy" by Thomas A. Russo.
62 * "The IBM Model B typewriter" by IBM.
See: https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/modelb/modelb_intro.html
63 * "Remington Portables" by Richard Polt.
See: http://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/rem-portables.htm
64 * "Moskva and Janalif Research" by Alex Sandler. (plus updates)
See: https://goo.gl/I5X12b, https://goo.gl/z0tSOq, https://goo.gl/4iq9Tz http://odtype.blogspot.com/2016/10/moskva-3-and-4-age-lists-as-of-ix2016.html, http://odtype.blogspot.com/2017/02/moskva-5-6-and-7-age-lists.html
65 * "Collector's Guide to Antique Typewriters" Dan Post, Post-Era Books, 1981.
66 * "The Unknown Writing Machine" Don Sutherland in The Antique Trader, 1978.
67 * "Don't Mind My Insanity: Updated Fox Serial Numbers" by Tyler Anderson.
See: https://wordsarewinged.blogspot.com/2016/06/dont-mind-my-insanity-updated-fox.html
68 * "A Very Good Year for Adler Favorit 2's" by Robert Godlieb.
See: http://badonoer.blogspot.com/2016/01/a-very-good-year-for-adler-favorit-2s.html
69 * "FBI Forgery by Typewriter: Re-Examining the Alger Hiss Case - How Did His 1927 Woodstock Become a 1929 Model?" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2016/01/fbi-forgery-by-typewriter-re-examining.html
70 * "The Littlest Typewriters: Bennett's Bantamweights" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.co.uk/2012/02/littlest-typewriters-bennetts.html
71 * "Re: [TYPEWRITERS] Bennett Typewriter on Yahoo Typewriter Forum" by Thomas Furtig.
72 * "Sabb Schreibmaschine" by Georg Sommeregger.
See: http://www.typewriters.ch/blog/2016/06/sabb-schreibmaschine/
73 * "Discovering the Studio Musicwriter" by Theodore Munk.
See: Etcetera #109 (link when available)
74 * "The Story of the Typewriter 1873-1923" Herkimer County Historical Society, 1923.
75 * "The Early History of the Typewriter" by Chas. E Weller (1918).
76 * "Old Typewriters" by Duncan James (Shire, 1993).
77 * "Williams Typewriter Research" by Tyler Anderson, 2016.
78 * "The History of the Typewriter" by Geo. Charles Mares (Gilbert Pitman, London, 1909).
79 * "Emerson Typewriter Research" by Tyler Anderson & Peter Weil, 2016.
80 * "The Emerson: The Enigma of Typewriters" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/07/the-emerson-enigma-of-typewriters.html
81 * "A History of the Three-Row 'WILLIAMS' Typewriters" by Richard E. Dickerson in Historische Bürowelt No. 21 April 1988, and No. 22 July 1988.
82 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 50-52 1922" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
83 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 6-7 1907" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
84 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 38-40 1918" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
85 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 41 1919" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
86 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 29-32 1915" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
87 * "The Victor Standard Typewriter" by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-victor-standard-typewriter.html
88 * "On This Day in Typewriter History: Trying to Unravel the Victor Mystery" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/11/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history_6.html
89 * "The Franklin Typewriters" by Richard E. Dickerson in ETCetera #1 October, 1987.
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC001.pdf
90 * "On This Day in Typewriter History (CVI)" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2011/09/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history-cvi.html
91 * "the Garbell Portable Typewriter" by The Garbell family.
See: http://www.garbell.com/GarbellTypewriter.html
92 * "Garbell Typewriter" by Greg Fudacz.
See: http://www.antikeychop.com/#!garbell-typewriter/us0eg
93 * "Fox Visible Typewriters - An Overview " by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/08/fox-visible-typewriters-overview.html
94 * "Fox Portable Typewriters and the Demise of Fox Typewriter Company " by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/08/fox-portable-typewriters-and-demise-of.html
95 * "The American Stationer" 1906.
96 * "The American Stationer" 1907.
97 * "Franklin Typewriter Ephemera" collected by Peter Weil, 2016.
98 * "A Bennington Letter" collected by Martin Howard.
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC082.pdf
99 * "Filing & Office Management Magazine" Volume 6, 1921.
100 * "Filing & Office Management Magazine" Volume 7-8, 1922.
101 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 35-37 1917" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
102 * "Typewriter Topics: Vol. 44-46 1920" by The International Office Equipment Magazine.
103 * "On This Day in Typewriter History: Unearthing the Molle" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/01/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history_9569.html
104 * "It's pronounced 'Mollie'" by Mark Adams.
See: http://type-writer.org/?p=4230
105 * "The Iron Age, Volume 79 - 1907".
106 * "Office Appliances Volume 36 - July 1922".
107 * "Office Appliances Volume 34 - July 1921".
108 * "The American Pocket Typewriter and Wellington Parker Kidder's Rochester" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2014/07/the-american-pocket-typewriter-and.html
109 * "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Details - The early days of the Noiseless Typewriter" by Ed Neuert.
See: http://etconline.org/backissues/ETC081.pdf
110 * "The Merritt" by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2016/09/merritt.html
111 * "Yatran The Heaviest" by Alex Sandler.
See: http://odtype.blogspot.com/2016/09/yatran-heaviest.html
112 * "Moskva 3 and 4 age lists as of 10-2016" by Alex Sandler.
See: http://odtype.blogspot.com/2016/10/moskva-3-and-4-age-lists-as-of-ix2016.html
113 * "Portable Typewriters Today - February 2015" by Will Davis.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/02/portable-typewriters-today-february-2015.html
114 * "The Early Bar-Lock" and "Bar-Lock Typewriters - Models 4 to 15" by Bert Kerschbaumer.
See: ETCetera #98 & #114
115 * "AMES Supply General Catalog #10 - March, 1960".
116 * "AMES Supply Parts Catalog #11P - Feb., 1965".
117 * "The Amazing Masspro Portable Typewriter: 'Grandson' of the Standard Folding" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/10/the-amazing-maspro-portable-typewriter.html
118 * "Masspro Typewriter Page" by Greg Fudacz.
See: http://www.antikeychop.com/masspro-typewriter
119 * "Carl P. Dietz Collection of Typewriters", by George Herrl, 1965.
120 * "Royal Paint Touch-Up Color List", Rev. June, 1968.
121 * "Olympia SM series (part 1, 1948-1964)" by Nick T.
See: http://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/02/olympia-sm-series-part-1-1948-1964.html
122 * "Olympia SM series (part 2, 1964-1980s)" by Nick T.
See: http://xoverit.blogspot.com/2015/04/olympia-sm-series-part-2-1964-1980s.html
123 * "AMES Supply General Catalog #5 - August, 1940".
124 * "1975 Smith-Corona Model Prefix Guide", Discovered by Jonathan Kinser from Smith-Corona research.
125 * "Evolution of the Typewriter", C. V. Oden, 1917.
126 * "1912-1923 The Origins and Evolution of the Typewriter" Various Authors.
127 * "The Swedish Densmore Typewriter" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2015/03/the-swedish-densmore-typewriter.html
128 * "All or Nakajima" by Steve K.
See: https://etzone.org/2017/06/17/all-or-nakajima
129 * Smith-Corona Series Estimates researched by Nick Bodemer, 2017
130 * Research by Peter Weil, and ephemera from The Cornelia and Peter Weil Typewriter Archives
131 * 1963 Hermes Baby Adjustment Manual B3, from the collection of T. Munk
132 * Underwood Age List, from the collection of Tony Casillo
See: http://www.typewritercollector.com/images/underwoodagelist.pdf
133 * 1966 & 1971 Hermes 3000 Adjustment Manuals G4,G6 & 1971, from the collection of Jacques Perrier, Museum of the Typewriter, Lausanne, Switzerland
See: https://www.perrier-sa.ch/musee/boutique/
134 * "Korean Typewriters" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/01/korean-typewriters.html
135 * 1985 IBM Replacement Guide Form 71K6222, supplied by Clark Hinson from the collection of Roger Brockevelt
136 * "Blickensderfer’s last hurrah as a Remington" by Mark Adams.
See: https://type-writer.org/?p=4294
137 * Blickensderfer Research by Peter Weil, 2017
138 * Etcetera #106-107
139 * "Briefly Blick-Bar" by Robert Messenger.
See: http://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2016/01/briefly-blick-bar.html
140 "Lexikon historischer Schreibmaschinen seit 1940" (Typewriter Lexikon since 1940) published 2008 by Leonhard Dingwerth.
141 * "Olivetti macchine per scrivere meccaniche" published 2013 by Carlo Torchio.
From the collection of Carl Hartmann via Mario Bellini
142 * "The ABC in Detail" by Will Davis and Thomas Fürtig.
See: http://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/search?q=abc+in+detail
143 * "The Real Story of the Brosette Typewriter and its successor the Jaykay Portable" by Michael A. Brown.
See: http://typexnews.com/links/Brosette.pdf
144 * "A Royal Safari at Eighteen Years on the Net" by Will Davis.
See: https://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2018/03/a-royal-safari-at-eighteen-years-on-net.html
145 "The typewriter industry, The impact of a significant technological innovation" 1970 doctoral dissertation by George Nichols Engler, UCLA.
See: https://archive.org/details/TheTypewriterIndustry
146 * Research by Ian Brumfield
147 * Typewriter pages from Sears Catalogs: 1900-1985 From the collections of Alan Seaver (mostly), Nick Bodemer and T. Munk.
148 * "Ten Most Wanted Typewriters" by Richard Polt.
See: https://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/tw-10mw.html
149 * Messa Research by Carl Hartmann.
150 * "The Dawn of the Lettera 22" by John Cooper.
See: https://atypeofmadness.com/2019/02/12/the-dawn-of-the-lettera-22
151 * "Litton Drags its Caravan Through the Typewriter Desert" by Robert Messenger.
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2019/03/litton-drags-its-caravan-through.html
152 * "Typewriter review: 2019 Royal Classic" by Richard Polt.
See: https://writingball.blogspot.com/2019/03/typewriter-review-2019-royal-classic.html
153 * "GENERATION 3000" by Will Davis.
See: http://www.willdavis.org/Generation3000.html
154 * "Everything New in Portable Typewriters is Old Again" by Robert Messenger.
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2013/12/everything-new-in-portable-typewriters.html
155 * "Pretentious Self-Indulgence, and Also Some Pretty Big Breakthroughs" by Ian Brumfield.
See: http://dailyclipper.retroid.xyz/2019/07/16/pretentious-self-indulgence-and-also-some-pretty-big-breakthroughs
156 "1965-1969 Royal Line Catalog" from the collection of Ian Brumfield.
157 * "Harris Visible, Rex Visible, Demountable; Name variants; Vim Visible" by Will Davis.
See: https://davistypewriters.blogspot.com/2015/01/harris-visible-rex-visible-demountable.html
158 * "1973 NOMDA Blue Book" by National Office Machine Dealers Association.
159 * "Olympia Engineering Bulletin General-3" by ITC, Jan 1, 1969.
160 * "IDENTIFYING AND DATING ANTIQUE CALIGRAPH WRITING MACHINES Nos. 1-4" by Al Sumrall.
See: https://oldhoodooblog.wordpress.com/2020/03/20/identifying-and-dating-antique-caligraph-writing-machines-typewriters-nos-1-4/
161 * "Some Type Writers - Their Origin and Uses" By J. B. Huling in Scientific American #575 - January 8, 1887.
162 * "Typewriter, A Celebration of the Ultimate Writing Machine" by Paul Robert and Peter Weil, 2016.
163 * "The Caligraph Publications" by Paul Robert.
164 * "Magic, Maligners and Malfunctions. Part IV – the Waverley, Maskelyne, Rapid, Salter and Many More." by Robert Messenger.
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2020/07/magic-maligners-and-malfunctions-part.html
165 * "Burroughs Adding Machine Company - Typewriters"
See: http://www.burroughsinfo.com/typewriters.html
166 * "Hall Typewriter Serial Numbers" by Al Sumrall
167 * LC Smith and Corona Service Bulletins (1939-1954) From the collection of T. Munk
168 * "Research on Halberg" by Theo Verkerk
See: https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/permalink/10157289533199678/
https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/permalink/10157248994634678/
https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/permalink/10157259808104678/
169 * Royal Royalite Parts Manuals 1955-1965 From the collection of T. Munk
170 * "FRISTER & ROSSMANN TYPEWRITERS"
See: https://www.fiddlebase.com/frister-rossmann/f-r-typewriters/
171 * Dial-a-Ribbon & Typing by Numbers
See: https://etzone.org/2022/05/05/dial-a-ribbon-typing-by-numbers
172 * etzone - a summary of Sharp's electronic daisy wheel models
See: https://etzone.org/sharp-2/
173 * etzone - a summary of Canon's electronic daisy wheel models
See: https://etzone.org/canon/
174 * etzone - a summary of Nakajima All's electronic daisy wheel models
See: https://etzone.org/nakajima-all/
175 * "Nakajima Model 800 Typewriter: The most surprising machine of ALL" by Robert Messenger
See: https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/07/nakajima-model-800-typewriter-most.html
176 * Établissements Japy Frères, Historique et technologie des machines à écrire, [1946]
From the collection of Georg Sommeregger
177 *Leeftijdslijst van Schrijfmachines [1958]
From the collection of Robert Godlieb

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